Therapeutic Communities for Addictions: A Review of Their Effectiveness from a Recovery-Oriented Perspective
نویسندگان
چکیده
Therapeutic communities (TCs) for addictions are drug-free environments in which people with addictive problems live together in an organized and structured way to promote change toward recovery and reinsertion in society. Despite a long research tradition in TCs, the evidence base for the effectiveness of TCs is limited according to available reviews. Since most of these studies applied a selective focus, we made a comprehensive systematic review of all controlled studies that compared the effectiveness of TCs for addictions with that of a control condition. The focus of this paper is on recovery, including attention for various life domains and a longitudinal scope. We searched the following databases: ISI Web of Knowledge (WoS), PubMed, and DrugScope. Our search strategy revealed 997 hits. Eventually, 30 publications were selected for this paper, which were based on 16 original studies. Two out of three studies showed significantly better substance use and legal outcomes among TC participants, and five studies found superior employment and psychological functioning. Length of stay in treatment and participation in subsequent aftercare were consistent predictors of recovery status. We conclude that TCs can promote change regarding various outcome categories. Since recovering addicts often cycle between abstinence and relapse, a continuing care approach is advisable, including assessment of multiple and subjective outcome indicators.
منابع مشابه
Review of ranked-based and unranked-based metrics for determining the effectiveness of search engines
Purpose: Traditionally, there have many metrics for evaluating the search engine, nevertheless various researchers’ proposed new metrics in recent years. Aware of this new metrics is essential to conduct research on evaluation of the search engine field. So, the purpose of this study was to provide an analysis of important and new metrics for evaluating the search engines. Methodology: This is ...
متن کاملEvaluating the effectiveness of flood spreading scheme from the perspective of marginal communities (Case study: Jajarm flood spreading)
Flood spreading schemes have been implemented in Iran to control floods, feed groundwater aquifers, improve vegetation, and increase pasture production. The proper evaluation of these projects is possible when the scheme is evaluated based on the opinions of residents and users. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Jajarm flood spreading from the neighboring village...
متن کاملEffectiveness of Mindfulness Oriented Recovery Enhancement Approach on Attentional Bias and Disability in Chronic Pain Patients
Aims and background: Selective attention to pain-related stimuli, known as pain attentional bias (AB) can exacerbate pain, disability and undermine quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine effectiveness of mindfulness oriented recovery enhancement approach on attentional bias related to pain and disability among Chronic Pain Patients. Materials and methods: The present study was...
متن کاملA theoretical review of the concept of superego from the perspective of psychoanalytic approaches
The aim of this research was to investigate the concept of the superego from the perspective of psychoanalytic approaches, in particular the theory of Freud and Anna Freud and other theories of object relations (Klein and Bion) and the British Independent School (Fairbairn and Winnicott). Given the significant role of the pathological superego in psychological disorders, a better understanding ...
متن کاملA review of pathological explanation on behavioral addictions and its comparison with drug addictions
In the past, addiction was known only by drug addictions, Currently, its definition has become much broader. Gambling, compulsive buying, video game addiction, problematic internet use, and even extreme work or sports can be classified as addictions. The existing criteria for experts in diagnosing different types of behavioral addictions are highly controversial, and this has made it difficult ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 2013 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013